These are the most common keywords you will hear relating to the various GNSS, IRNSS and QZSS satellite systems.

Almanac

Almanac data is information that describes satellite orbital courses.
This data can be used to calculate the approximate location of a satellite, or satellites orbit. 
GPS receiver can almanac data to predict which satellites are nearby when they’re looking for GPS signals.

ADEV
Allan deviation

AFS
atomic frequency standard

BC
Barker code

BIH
Bureau International de l’Heure

BIPM
Bureau International des Poids et Mesures

BPSK
binary phase-shift keying

CDMA
code division multiple access

CNAV
civil navigation message

CRC
cyclic redundancy check

DGPS
A Differential Global Positioning System is an enhancement to the Global Positioning System which provides improved location accuracy, in the range of operations of each system, from the 15-meter nominal GPS accuracy to about 1–3 cm in case of the best implementations. 

DLR
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt

ESA
European Space Agency

FDMA
frequency division multiple access

GIOVE
Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element

GLONASS
Global’naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikova Sistema (Russian Global Navigation Satellite System)

GLST
GLONASS System Time

GNSS
global navigation satellite system

GPS
Global Positioning System

HDOP 
horizontal dilution of precision
Relates to the horizontal position measurements suggested by GPS data. PDOP (positional dilution of precision) is most widely presented value in GPS receivers.

ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organization

ICD
interface control document

IERS
International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service

IGS
International GNSS Service

ITRF
International Terrestrial Reference Frame

ITRS
International Terrestrial Reference System

ITU
International Telecommunication Union

LEO
low Earth orbit

LEOP
launch and early orbit phase

LRA
laser retro-reflector array

MEO
medium Earth orbit

NH
Neuman-Hofman (code)

NUDET
nuclear detection (payload)

PDOP
position dilution of precision

PRN
pseudo-random noise

RFSA
Russian Federal Space Agency

RMS
root mean square

RSSI
Received Signal Strength Indicator.
Is a measurement of how well your device can hear a signal from an access point or router. It’s a value that is useful for determining if you have enough signal to get a good wireless connection.

SDCM
System for Differential Corrections and Monitoring

SISRE
signal-in-space range error

SLR
satellite laser ranging

TTFF
Time To First Fix

UTC
Coordinated Universal Time